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Cell and DNA Physics
   - Researche
Thermal Properties of
     Complex Heterogeneous
     Biological Systems

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Interaction of Nanoparticles
     with DNA

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Organism Protection Systems
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DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SYSTEM
PHYSICS

Organism Protection Systems


Detoxication of Cr(VI) in presence of Zn(II).

Namely, the following items have been studying: a) Accumulation od Cr and Zn in bacterial cells;
b) Nature of Cr complexes created in the process of biotransformation;
c) Influence of Cr and Zn on composition of bacterial proteins and antitoxic defense system.

Team leader: E. Ghelaghutashvili – Sen. Researcher
Team members: A. Rcheulishvili – Sen. Researcher, E. Kirkesali – Researcher, E. Ginturi – Researcher, N. Bagdavadze – Researcher, N. Kuchava – Researcher, V. Barnovi – Researcher.

The study of mechanisms of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of heavy metals.

Past work (1980-2000) of our group was concern the study of the content and role of some microelements in the main protein component of chromatin – histones and their influence on the formation of DNA-histone complex (nucleosomes) during the tumor transformation. First time was shown that the changes in tumor histone conformation are managed by the excessive content of such metals as Са, Mg, Zn, Cr, Se, Fe, Co. These data presented on The Magnesium Web Sitewww.mgwater.com. (N. Asatiani,
N. Sapojnikova).
Further study (since 2000) was performed in the collaboration with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (USA) and concerned the cell defense pathways activated against toxic metals in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. The special emphasis is on mechanisms of intracellular and the whole eukaryotic cell population defense responses to low-dose exposure to toxic metal compounds, reflecting the majority of real life exposures to negative factors. It was shown that even at lose-doses, but long-term exposure, Cr(VI) causes genomic instability when the oxidative conditions overwhelm the antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutation peroxidase, glutation reductase) defense functions.
The study was extended to the establishment of biomarkers of health risk – factors (2009–2011).
The main objectives are: search of new serological and biochemical markers in a variety of diseases developing under oxidative stress; establishment biochip technology with the potential of commercialization for rapid diagnosis of viral and bacterial diseases.

Team leader: N. Sapojnikova - Principal Investigator
Team members:N. Asatiani – Sen. Researcher, Tamar Kartvelishvili – Sen. Researcher, L Asanishvili - Researcher